Boxes |
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data
Data
Data |
1.1 |
Is There a Credit Crunch? |
Chart
Chart
Chart |
|
1.2 |
Depreciation of the U.S. Dollar: Causes and
Consequences |
Chart |
|
1.3 |
Multilateral Consultation on Global Imbalances:
Progress Report |
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data |
1.4 |
Dollar Depreciation and Commodity Prices |
Chart |
Data |
1.5 |
Why Hasn't Oil Supply Responded to Higher
Prices? |
Chart |
Data |
1.6 |
Oil Price Benchmarks |
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data |
2.1 |
When Does Fiscal Stimulus Work? |
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data |
2.2 |
Petrodollars and Bank Lending to Emerging
Markets |
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data
Data
Data |
3.1 |
Assessing Vulnerabilities to Housing Market
Corrections |
Chart |
Data |
4.1 |
Rising Car Ownership in Emerging Economies:
Implications for Climate Change |
Chart |
Data |
4.2 |
South Asia: Illustrative Impact of an Abrupt
Climate Shock |
|
|
4.3 |
Macroeconomic Policies for Smoother Adjustment
to Abrupt Climate Shocks |
Chart
Chart |
Data
Data |
4.4 |
Catastrophe Insurance and Bonds: New Instruments
to Hedge Extreme Weather Risks |
|
|
4.5 |
Recent Emission-Reduction Policy Initiatives |
|
|
4.6 |
Complexities in Designing Domestic Mitigation
Policies |
Chart |
Data |
5.1 |
How Does the Globalization of Trade and Finance
Affect Growth? Theory and Evidence |
Chart |
Data |
5.2 |
The Current Commodity Price Boom in Perspective |
|
Tables |
1.1 |
Overview of the World Economic
Outlook Projections |
1.2 |
Shares of Global GDP, 2007 |
1.3 |
Global Oil Demand and Production by
Region |
1.4 |
Food, Fuel, and Headline Inflation |
2.1 |
Advanced Economies: Real GDP,
Consumer Prices, and Unemployment |
2.2 |
Advanced Economies: Current Account
Positions |
2.3 |
Selected Asian Economies: Real GDP,
Consumer Prices, and Current Account Balance |
2.4 |
Selected Western Hemisphere
Economies: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current
Account Balance |
2.5 |
Selected Emerging European
Economies: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current
Account Balance |
2.6 |
Commonwealth of Independent States
(CIS): Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current
Account Balance |
2.7 |
Selected African Economies: Real
GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current Account Balance |
2.8 |
Selected Middle Eastern Economies:
Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current Account
Balance |
3.1 |
Institutional Differences in
National Mortgage Markets and the Mortgage Market
Index |
3.2 |
Abnormal Contributions to GDP Growth
Weakness One Year before Recessions |
3.3 |
Features of House Price Cycles |
3.4 |
Forecast Variance Decomposition:
Housing Demand Shocks—Average across Countries |
3.5 |
Optimal Coefficients in the Taylor
Rule |
3.6 |
Estimates of the Error-Correction
Model of Consumption |
4.1 |
Losses in Real GNP, 2040 |
4.2 |
Baseline Growth Assumptions |
4.3 |
Carbon-Based Emission Coefficients |
4.4 |
Summary of the Baseline Scenario |
4.5 |
Emission Intensities in the Baseline |
4.6 |
Emission Reductions and Consumption
Losses Following a Standardized Carbon Price Shock |
4.7 |
Comparison of Climate Policy Models |
5.1 |
Cross–Sectional Regressions: Overall
Trade |
5.2 |
Cross-Sectional Regressions:
Commodity Trade, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) |
5.3 |
Panel Regressions: Overall Trade |
5.4 |
Panel Regressions: Commodity Trade,
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) |
5.5 |
Panel Regressions: Institutions and
Policies |
|
Figures
|
Chart |
Data |
1.1 |
Global Indicators |
Chart |
Data |
1.2 |
Current and Forward-Looking Indicators |
Chart |
Data |
1.3 |
Global Inflation |
Chart |
Data |
1.4 |
Measures of Monetary Policy and Liquidity |
Chart |
Data |
1.5 |
Developments in Mature Credit Markets |
Chart |
Data |
1.6 |
Mature Financial and Housing Market Indicators |
Chart |
Data |
1.7 |
External Developments in Selected Advanced
Economies |
Chart |
Data |
1.8 |
Emerging Economy Financial Conditions |
Chart |
Data |
1.9 |
External Developments in Emerging and Developing
Economies |
Chart |
Data |
1.10 |
Growing Global Role of Emerging and Developing
Economies |
Chart |
Data |
1.11 |
Global Outlook |
Chart |
Data |
1.12 |
Risks to the Global Outlook |
Chart |
Data |
1.13 |
Measures of the Output Gap and Capacity
Pressures |
Chart |
Data |
1.14 |
Current Account Balances and Net Foreign Assets |
Chart |
Data |
1.15 |
Two Scenarios for the Global Economy |
Chart |
Data |
1.16 |
Purchasing-Power-Parity (PPP) Exchange Rate
Revisions and Global GrowthPurchasing-Power-Parity
(PPP) Exchange Rate Revisions and Global Growth |
Chart |
Data |
1.17 |
Commodity and Petroleum Prices |
Chart |
Data |
1.18 |
World Oil Market Balances |
Chart |
Data |
1.19 |
Energy and Metal Prices and Metal Consumption
Growth |
Chart |
Data |
1.20 |
Recent Developments in Major Food Crops |
Chart |
Data |
1.21 |
Macroeconomic Implications of High Commodity
Prices |
Chart |
Data |
2.1 |
United States: Housing Cycles in Perspective |
Chart |
Data |
2.2 |
Western Europe: Tightening Lending Standards |
Chart |
Data |
2.3 |
Japan: Will Domestic Demand Be Able to Support
Growth? |
Chart |
Data |
2.4 |
Emerging Asia: Trade Patterns and Growth
Developments |
Chart |
Data |
2.5 |
Latin America: Long Road to Stronger Performance |
Chart |
Data |
2.6 |
Emerging Europe: Macroeconomic Vulnerabilities
on the Rise |
Chart |
Data |
2.7 |
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS):
Inflation Pressures Remain the Central Concern |
Chart |
Data |
2.8 |
Sub-Saharan Africa: Vulnerability of Commodity
Exports to Global Demand |
Chart |
Data |
2.9 |
Middle East: Strong Growth, Rising Inflation |
Chart |
Data |
3.1 |
Mortgage Debt and Financial Innovation |
Chart
Chart |
Data |
3.2 |
Correlation of Real House Prices and Real
Residential Investment with the Output Gap |
Chart |
Data |
3.3 |
Labor Market Characteristics and the
Contribution of Residential Investment to the
Business Cycle |
Chart |
Data |
3.4 |
Mortgage Market Index, Consumption and House
Price Correlation, and the Long-Run Marginal
Propensity to Consume out of Housing Wealth |
Chart |
Data |
3.5 |
Share of Output Variation Explained by Housing
Demand Shocks |
Chart |
Data |
3.6 |
Correlation between the Shares of Output and
Housing Sector Variation Explained by Housing Demand
Shocks |
Chart |
Data |
3.7 |
Correlation between the Share of Output
Variation Explained by Housing Demand Shocks and the
Mortgage Market Index |
Chart |
|
3.8 |
Housing and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism |
Chart |
Data |
3.9 |
Effect of Monetary Policy Shocks on Output and
Housing Sector Variables in the United States |
Chart |
Data |
3.10 |
Elasticity of Real Residential Investment, Real
House Prices, and Output to a 100-Basis-Point
Increase in Short-Term Interest Rates |
Chart |
Data |
3.11 |
Interest Rate Elasticity of Real Residential
Investment, Real House Prices, and Output and the
Mortgage Market Index |
Chart |
Data |
3.12 |
Monetary Policy Counterfactuals |
Chart |
Data |
3.13 |
Macroeconomic Model with Housing as Collateral:
Responses of Output and Consumption to Shocks for
Different Loan-to-Value (LTV) Ratios |
Chart |
Data |
3.14 |
Macroeconomic Model with Housing as Collateral:
Response of Nominal Interest Rates to a Positive
Housing Demand Shock and a Negative Financial Shock
for Various Loan-to-Value (LTV) Ratios |
Chart |
Data |
4.1 |
Carbon Dioxide Energy-Related Emissions |
Chart |
Data |
4.2 |
Emission Forecasts |
Chart |
Data |
4.3 |
Mean GDP Losses at Various Levels of Warming |
Chart |
Data |
4.4 |
Damages from 2.5°C Warming by Region |
Chart |
Data |
4.5 |
Impact of Warming by Region and Sector |
Chart |
Data |
4.6 |
Physical Impact by 2080 |
Chart |
Data |
4.7 |
Variation in Estimates of Damages from Climate
Change |
Chart |
Data |
4.8 |
Weather Derivatives and Catastrophe Bonds |
Chart |
Data |
4.9 |
Global Emission Targets and Paths, 1990–2100 |
Chart |
Data |
4.10 |
Uniform Carbon Tax, 2013–40 |
Chart |
Data |
4.11 |
Total Costs of Mitigation, 2013–40 |
Chart |
Data |
4.12 |
Cap-and-Trade System, 2013–40 |
Chart |
Data |
4.13 |
International Transfers under the Cap-and-Trade
System |
Chart |
Data |
4.14 |
Cap-and-Trade System for All Regions Based on
Share of World Population, 2013–40 |
Chart |
Data |
4.15 |
Global Emissions from Energy Only, 2030 |
Chart |
Data |
5.1 |
Trade in Goods and Services |
Chart |
Data |
5.2 |
Merchandise Exports of Emerging and Developing
Economies |
Chart |
Data |
5.3 |
Gross Foreign Capital and Gross Foreign
Liabilities |
Chart |
Data |
5.4 |
Commodity Prices |
Chart |
Data |
5.5 |
Values of Exports of Commodities and
Manufactures |
Chart |
Data |
5.6 |
Volumes of Exports of Commodities and
Manufactures |
Chart |
Data |
5.7 |
Patterns of Regional Trade |
Chart |
Data |
5.8 |
Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging and
Developing Economies |
Chart |
Data |
5.9 |
Policy and Institutional Environment |
Chart |
Data |
5.10 |
Commodity Price Booms |
Chart |
Data |
5.11 |
Event Study of the Commodity Terms of Trade,
1970–2007 |
Chart |
Data |
|
|
Chart |
Data |
5.12 |
Explaining the Increase in Integration from the
1980s to the 2000s |